It was the news that the country has been so eagerly anticipating. On
Monday, the British royal family, and the rest of the world, celebrated
the happy news that the Duchess of Cambridge is expecting her second baby with Prince William.
It has been revealed that the pregnant royal is being treated for hyperemesis gravidarum - the severe morning sickness she also suffered while expecting Prince George.
But what is Hyperemesis Gravidarum? HELLO! Online takes a look…
Hyperemesis Gravidarum is a severe, and potentially
dangerous, form of morning sickness where mothers-to-be struggle to keep
down any food or liquid, which can lead to dehydration.
Unlike most morning sickness, it usually persists past the first
trimester, up until around week 21 of pregnancy, although it can last
much longer.
It affects fewer than four in every 1,000 pregnant women and is treated
by giving fluids intravenously and anti-sickness tablets.
It is more often experienced by women expecting twins; mothers-to-be who
suffer from the condition are three times more likely to have a
multiple birth than other women.
Symptoms
As well as severe nausea, vomiting and food aversion, women suffering
with hyperemesis gravidarum often feel tired, dizzy and confused. They
can also lose around 10 per cent of their body weight.
Dehydration is the big danger with the condition and that can cause
symptoms that include headaches and palpitations. Because the
mother-to-be cannot retain food, there is also a risk of nutritional
deficiencies.
The symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum usually appear between weeks four
and six of pregnancy and peak between weeks nine and 13. Most women
will experience some relief between weeks 14 and 20, although up to 20
per cent may require care throughout the rest of their pregnancy.
Causes
The precise cause of hyperemesis gravidarum isn't known – it is thought
to be linked to the rise in hormone levels – and as such it isn't
possible to prevent it from occurring. It can however be treated
successfully.
It tends to be more common in young mothers, women experiencing their first pregnancy and those carrying multiple children.
Treatment
Women suffering from hyperemesis gravidarum in its early stages are
advised to rest and eat small pieces of dry toast or crackers before
getting out of bed.
Small frequent meals are also encouraged, although fried foods, or
anything else that triggers nausea or vomiting are best avoided.
If symptoms are severe, the mother-to-be will be admitted to hospital
for a few days for observation and to treat dehydration with intravenous
fluids.
Research has shown no long-term harmful effects in mild cases. In more
severe cases – fortunately very rare – there is a risk for mother and
baby, particularly if the condition is not recognised and treated early
on, including pre-eclampsia and premature labour.
This page is for general information only and should not be treated as a substitute for medical advice.